Extraction report — Wu 2025

schema_version: "1.1"

paper:
  paper_id: wundfolkspuristspragmatic
  citation: "Wu, S. (2025). Are Folks Purists or Pragmatic Encroachers? New Discoveries of Relation between Knowledge and Action from Experimental Philosophy. Episteme, 22, 304–332. https://doi.org/10.1017/epi.2023.56"
  short_label: "Wu 2025"
  doi: "10.1017/epi.2023.56"
  published: "Yes"
  year: 2025
  language: "English"
  language_other: null
  research_objective: "Report three experiments with Chinese participants using modified DeRose bank, Cohen airport, and Pinillos spelling/typo cases to test whether practical stakes affect knowledge attributions and whether knowledge and action judgments co-vary as predicted by pragmatic encroachment."
  data_availability:
    data_available_online: "Yes"
    url: "https://doi.org/10.1017/epi.2023.56"
    notes: "Paper states: “A comprehensive dataset is accessible in supplementary materials provided on CJO.”"
  notes: null

studies:
  - study_id: 1
    label: "Experiment 1"
    objective: "Test whether stakes affect knowledge attributions and action judgments by having participants choose one of four response options that jointly characterize the protagonist’s epistemic state (knows vs does not know) and action requirement (needs to recheck vs not) across three classic vignette families."
    sample:
      n_final: 272
      recruitment: other
      recruitment_other: "Wenjuanxing (online Chinese survey platform)."
      compensation: null
      compensation_other: null
      characteristics: "Effective sample aged 18–58 (M=29.69, SD=7.16); 59.6% female; materials delivered in Chinese; average completion ~2.5 minutes."
      mean_age: 29.69
      mean_age_prov:
        page: null
        quote: "The effective sample ranged from 18 to 58 years old (M = 29.69, SD = 7.16), with females comprising 59.6%."
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
      provenance:
        page: null
        quote: "Four hundred twenty-five questionnaires were collected in total, and 272 were deemed effective… The experiments were conducted via the online survey platform Wenjuanxing (http://www.wjx.cn), with all materials delivered in Chinese."
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
    design: "Between-Subjects"
    design_other: "3 (scenario: Bank/Airport/Spelling) × 2 (stakes: low vs high) between-subjects; each participant read one scenario and selected one of four options (A–D) combining knowledge attribution and action requirement."
    manipulated_factors:
      - "Stakes (low vs high)"
      - "Scenario (Bank vs Airport vs Spelling)"
    paradigm: "Other"
    paradigm_other: "Forced-choice (4 options) combining knowledge attribution (knows vs does not know) and action requirement (needs to recheck vs not)."
    scale:
      label: nominal
      points: 4
      anchors: "A: Knows + needs to recheck; B: Knows + does not need to recheck; C: Does not know + needs to recheck; D: Does not know + does not need to recheck."
      direction: null
      provenance:
        page: null
        quote: "After reading the material, participants were asked to choose the best description of the protagonist's situation from the following four options…"
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
    measures:
      knowledge_question_text: "Choose which of four options (A–D) best describes the protagonist’s situation (joint knowledge×action characterization). Knowledge attribution is operationalized as selecting A or B (vs C or D)."
      knowledge_question_first: null
      additional_question_text: null
    scenarios:
      - scenario_code: bank
        scenario_type: "DeRose-style bank deposit / bank-hours vignette (modified)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: John must deposit cash by Monday to avoid eviction (rent transfer); many banks are closed on Saturdays; John remembers coming on a Saturday half a year ago."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: depositing the cash is not important; can deposit early or later."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "High-stake: “If he fails to deposit this money in the bank by Monday… he will be evicted immediately.” Low-stake: “this money does not require to be deposited these days… it makes no difference to deposit it early or later.”"
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
      - scenario_code: airport
        scenario_type: "Cohen-style airport/flight vignette (modified; organ courier vs vacation)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: organ courier transporting a liver to Chicago; a direct flight is necessary to prevent organ spoilage."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: on vacation flying to Chicago for a basketball game; missing the game would not matter."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "“In the Airport cases, the protagonist is an organ courier… transport a liver to Chicago… Conversely, in the low-stake case, the protagonist is on vacation… basketball game.”"
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
      - scenario_code: typos
        scenario_type: "Pinillos-style spelling/typo vignette (modified; coursework)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: any typo in coursework could lead to expulsion from school."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: typos in coursework bear no consequence or significance."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "“In the Spelling cases… In the high-stake case, any typo in his coursework could lead him to get expelled from school… in the low-stake case, typos… bear no consequence or significance.”"
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
    effects:
      - effect_id: s1_e1
        subgroup: "Experiment 1 — Bank (knowledge attribution)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: A&B = attributes knowledge vs C&D = does not attribute knowledge (Bank case)"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: &mods_bank
          scenario: bank
          skeptical_pressure: "Yes"
          awareness: "Yes"
          evidence: "First Person"
          attribution_person: "Other"
          evidence_reliability: null
        moderators_coding: &mods_coding_bank
          scenario:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“Today is Friday… John intends to deposit this money in the bank…”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Vignette is explicitly a bank deposit/bank-hours scenario."
          skeptical_pressure:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“Many banks are closed on Saturdays…”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "The vignette explicitly introduces an alternative possibility (bank may be closed on Saturday)."
          awareness:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“If he fails to deposit this money in the bank by Monday… he will be evicted immediately.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Stakes are described as part of the protagonist’s situation (so the agent is aware of what is at stake)."
          evidence:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“John remembers that he came to the bank on a Saturday morning half a year ago and found it open.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "The evidence is the agent’s own memory/experience (first-person evidence)."
          attribution_person:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“…participants were directly prompted to decide whether the protagonists had knowledge.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Participants make a third-person attribution about whether the protagonist knows."
          evidence_reliability:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“John remembers that he came to the bank… half a year ago and found it open.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Evidence source reliability is not meaningfully specified/manipulated; coded null."
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion attributing knowledge (A&B)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 50
            mean: 0.8
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 12
              quote: "The Bank cases,Count,40,32,10,,12"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p12_t2.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 44
            mean: 0.7272727272727273
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 12
              quote: "The Bank cases,Count,40,32,10,,12"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p12_t2.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: 0.171770099335
          v: 0.042887625809
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (A&B vs C&D) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

      - effect_id: s1_e2
        subgroup: "Experiment 1 — Airport (knowledge attribution)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: A&B = attributes knowledge vs C&D = does not attribute knowledge (Airport case)"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: &mods_airport
          scenario: other
          skeptical_pressure: null
          awareness: "Yes"
          evidence: null
          attribution_person: "Other"
          evidence_reliability: null
        moderators_coding: &mods_coding_airport
          scenario:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Airport cases, the protagonist is an organ courier… transport a liver to Chicago…”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Scenario is an airport/flight vignette (not bank/peanuts/bridge/typos)."
          skeptical_pressure:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Airport cases, the protagonist is an organ courier… a direct flight is necessary…”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "The extracted outputs do not specify an explicit skeptical-pressure prompt or counterconsideration for this scenario."
          awareness:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the high-stake case, he needs to transport a liver to Chicago, and a direct flight is necessary to prevent organ spoilage.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Stakes are described as part of the protagonist’s situation (so the agent is aware of what is at stake)."
          evidence:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Airport cases… [description of stakes only; evidence source not specified].”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "The extracted outputs do not specify whether the protagonist’s evidence is first-person or external (e.g., ticket/itinerary/testimony)."
          attribution_person:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“…participants were directly prompted to decide whether the protagonists had knowledge.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Participants make a third-person attribution about whether the protagonist knows."
          evidence_reliability:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Airport cases… [evidence reliability not specified].”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Evidence source reliability is not meaningfully specified/manipulated; coded null."
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion attributing knowledge (A&B)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 46
            mean: 0.8695652173913043
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 12
              quote: "The Airport cases,Count,40,41,6,,4"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p12_t2.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 45
            mean: 0.9111111111111111
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 12
              quote: "The Airport cases,Count,40,41,6,,4"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p12_t2.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: -0.132839425488
          v: 0.044060489247
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (A&B vs C&D) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

      - effect_id: s1_e3
        subgroup: "Experiment 1 — Spelling/Typos (knowledge attribution)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: A&B = attributes knowledge vs C&D = does not attribute knowledge (Spelling/typos case)"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: &mods_typos
          scenario: typos
          skeptical_pressure: null
          awareness: "Yes"
          evidence: null
          attribution_person: "Other"
          evidence_reliability: null
        moderators_coding: &mods_coding_typos
          scenario:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Spelling cases… any typo in his coursework could lead him to get expelled from school.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Scenario concerns typos/spelling in coursework (Pinillos-style), matching the typos vignette family."
          skeptical_pressure:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Spelling cases… [stakes description only].”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "The extracted outputs do not specify an explicit skeptical-pressure prompt or counterconsideration for this scenario."
          awareness:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the high-stake case, any typo… could lead him to get expelled from school.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Stakes are described as part of the protagonist’s situation (so the agent is aware of what is at stake)."
          evidence:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Spelling cases… [evidence source not specified in extracted outputs].”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "The extracted outputs do not specify whether the protagonist’s evidence is first-person or external."
          attribution_person:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“…participants were directly prompted to decide whether the protagonists had knowledge.”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Participants make a third-person attribution about whether the protagonist knows."
          evidence_reliability:
            provenance:
              page: null
              quote: "“In the Spelling cases… [evidence reliability not specified].”"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: null
            reason: "Evidence source reliability is not meaningfully specified/manipulated; coded null."
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion attributing knowledge (A&B)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 48
            mean: 0.6041666666666666
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 12
              quote: "The Spelling cases,Count,29,27,19,,12"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p12_t2.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 39
            mean: 0.6923076923076923
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 12
              quote: "The Spelling cases,Count,29,27,19,,12"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p12_t2.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: -0.184044351052
          v: 0.046673607934
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (A&B vs C&D) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

    notes: null

  - study_id: 2
    label: "Experiment 2"
    objective: "Replicate Experiment 1 with modified options intended to remove a potential ambiguity (need for extra information beyond whether p) and test whether stakes affect knowledge attributions and action judgments."
    sample:
      n_final: 272
      recruitment: other
      recruitment_other: "Wenjuanxing (online Chinese survey platform)."
      compensation: null
      compensation_other: null
      characteristics: "Effective sample aged 18–62 (M=30.62, SD=7.50); 65.1% female; materials delivered in Chinese; average completion ~3 minutes."
      mean_age: 30.62
      mean_age_prov:
        page: null
        quote: "The effective sample ranged from 18 to 62 years old (M = 30.62, SD = 7.50), with females comprising 65.1%."
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
      provenance:
        page: null
        quote: "Four hundred two questionnaires were collected in total, and 272 were deemed effective… The experiments were conducted via the online survey platform Wenjuanxing (http://www.wjx.cn), with all materials delivered in Chinese."
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
    design: "Between-Subjects"
    design_other: "Same 3×2 between-subjects design as Experiment 1; participants select one of four modified options (A–D) combining knowledge attribution and action requirement."
    manipulated_factors:
      - "Stakes (low vs high)"
      - "Scenario (Bank vs Airport vs Spelling)"
    paradigm: "Other"
    paradigm_other: "Forced-choice (4 options) combining knowledge attribution (knows vs does not know) and action requirement (needs to recheck vs not); option wording modified relative to Experiment 1."
    scale:
      label: nominal
      points: 4
      anchors: "A: Knows + needs to recheck; B: Knows + does not need to recheck; C: Does not know + needs to recheck; D: Does not know + does not need to recheck (modified wording; Bank option A uses 'check whether the bank is open on Saturday')."
      direction: null
      provenance:
        page: null
        quote: "“Take the Bank cases… the four modified options were as follows: A. John knows the bank is open on Saturday. It is necessary… B.… C.… D.… ”"
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
    measures:
      knowledge_question_text: "Choose which of four modified options (A–D) best describes the protagonist’s situation (joint knowledge×action characterization). Knowledge attribution is operationalized as selecting A or B (vs C or D)."
      knowledge_question_first: null
      additional_question_text: null
    scenarios:
      - scenario_code: bank
        scenario_type: "DeRose-style bank deposit / bank-hours vignette (modified)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: John must deposit cash by Monday to avoid eviction."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: depositing the cash is not important."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "Experiment 2 took the same materials and between-subject design as Experiment 1."
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
      - scenario_code: airport
        scenario_type: "Cohen-style airport/flight vignette (modified; organ courier vs vacation)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: organ courier transporting a liver to Chicago; direct flight needed."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: on vacation flying to a basketball game."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "Experiment 2 took the same materials and between-subject design as Experiment 1."
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
      - scenario_code: typos
        scenario_type: "Pinillos-style spelling/typo vignette (modified; coursework)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: any typo could lead to expulsion."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: typos have no consequence."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "Experiment 2 took the same materials and between-subject design as Experiment 1."
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
    effects:
      - effect_id: s2_e1
        subgroup: "Experiment 2 — Bank (knowledge attribution)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: A&B = attributes knowledge vs C&D = does not attribute knowledge (Bank case; modified options)"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: *mods_bank
        moderators_coding: *mods_coding_bank
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion attributing knowledge (A&B)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 42
            mean: 0.8571428571428571
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 18
              quote: "The Bank cases,Count,36,36,6,,12"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p18_t5.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 48
            mean: 0.75
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 18
              quote: "The Bank cases,Count,36,36,6,,12"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p18_t5.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: 0.267857142857
          v: 0.045050513103
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (A&B vs C&D) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

      - effect_id: s2_e2
        subgroup: "Experiment 2 — Airport (knowledge attribution)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: A&B = attributes knowledge vs C&D = does not attribute knowledge (Airport case; modified options)"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: *mods_airport
        moderators_coding: *mods_coding_airport
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion attributing knowledge (A&B)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 44
            mean: 0.7954545454545454
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 18
              quote: "The Airport cases,Count,35,48,9,,6"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p18_t5.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 54
            mean: 0.8888888888888888
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 18
              quote: "The Airport cases,Count,35,48,9,,6"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p18_t5.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: -0.259506319418
          v: 0.041596538797
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (A&B vs C&D) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

      - effect_id: s2_e3
        subgroup: "Experiment 2 — Spelling/Typos (knowledge attribution)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: A&B = attributes knowledge vs C&D = does not attribute knowledge (Spelling/typos case; modified options)"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: *mods_typos
        moderators_coding: *mods_coding_typos
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion attributing knowledge (A&B)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 42
            mean: 0.5238095238095238
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 18
              quote: "The Spelling cases,Count,22,29,20,,13"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p18_t5.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 42
            mean: 0.6904761904761905
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 18
              quote: "The Spelling cases,Count,22,29,20,,13"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p18_t5.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: -0.341260464593
          v: 0.048329161672
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (A&B vs C&D) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

    notes: null

  - study_id: 3
    label: "Experiment 3"
    objective: "Test whether knowledge attributions in high-stakes conditions might be driven by a presumption that protagonists had (or would) recheck, by asking participants to choose between two knowledge-attribution options explicitly conditioned on ‘without checking’."
    sample:
      n_final: 346
      recruitment: other
      recruitment_other: "Wenjuanxing (online Chinese survey platform)."
      compensation: null
      compensation_other: null
      characteristics: "Effective sample aged 17–60 (M=30.91, SD=7.54); 58.7% female; materials delivered in Chinese; average completion ~2 minutes."
      mean_age: 30.91
      mean_age_prov:
        page: null
        quote: "The effective sample ranged from 17 to 60 years old (M = 30.91, SD = 7.54), with females comprising 58.7%."
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
      provenance:
        page: null
        quote: "Four hundred fifty questionnaires were collected in total, and 346 were deemed effective… The experiments were conducted via the online survey platform Wenjuanxing (http://www.wjx.cn), with all materials delivered in Chinese."
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
    design: "Between-Subjects"
    design_other: "Same 3×2 between-subjects design as Experiments 1–2; participants choose between two options (knows without checking vs does not know without checking)."
    manipulated_factors:
      - "Stakes (low vs high)"
      - "Scenario (Bank vs Airport vs Spelling)"
    paradigm: "Other"
    paradigm_other: "Binary forced-choice knowledge attribution (knows without checking vs does not know without checking)."
    scale:
      label: binary
      points: 2
      anchors: "A: Knows without checking; B: Does not know without checking."
      direction: null
      provenance:
        page: null
        quote: "“…participants needed to decide whether ‘John knows… without checking…’ or ‘John does not know… without checking…’.”"
        tei_id: null
        table_ref: null
    measures:
      knowledge_question_text: "Choose between two statements describing the protagonist’s epistemic state ‘without checking’ (A: knows vs B: does not know)."
      knowledge_question_first: null
      additional_question_text: null
    scenarios:
      - scenario_code: bank
        scenario_type: "DeRose-style bank deposit / bank-hours vignette (modified)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: John must deposit cash by Monday to avoid eviction."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: depositing the cash is not important."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "The materials in Experiment 3 were primarily the same as those in experiments 1 and 2…"
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
      - scenario_code: airport
        scenario_type: "Cohen-style airport/flight vignette (modified; organ courier vs vacation)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: organ courier transporting a liver to Chicago; direct flight needed."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: on vacation flying to a basketball game."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "There were no such phrasing issues in the Airport cases and the Spelling cases, therefore the materials of these two cases were identical to those in experiments 1 and 2."
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
      - scenario_code: typos
        scenario_type: "Pinillos-style spelling/typo vignette (modified; coursework)."
        high_stakes_text: "High stakes: any typo could lead to expulsion."
        low_stakes_text: "Low stakes: typos have no consequence."
        provenance:
          page: null
          quote: "There were no such phrasing issues in the Airport cases and the Spelling cases, therefore the materials of these two cases were identical to those in experiments 1 and 2."
          tei_id: null
          table_ref: null
    effects:
      - effect_id: s3_e1
        subgroup: "Experiment 3 — Bank (knows without checking)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: Option A (knows without checking) vs option B (does not know without checking); Bank case"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: *mods_bank
        moderators_coding: *mods_coding_bank
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion choosing option A (knows without checking)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 48
            mean: 0.75
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 23
              quote: "The Bank cases,Count,36,47,12,21"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p23_t7.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 68
            mean: 0.6911764705882353
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 23
              quote: "The Bank cases,Count,36,47,12,21"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p23_t7.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: 0.130380622945
          v: 0.035613773172
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (option A vs B) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

      - effect_id: s3_e2
        subgroup: "Experiment 3 — Airport (knows without checking)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: Option A (knows without checking) vs option B (does not know without checking); Airport case"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: *mods_airport
        moderators_coding: *mods_coding_airport
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion choosing option A (knows without checking)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 42
            mean: 0.8095238095238095
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 23
              quote: "The Airport cases,Count,34,57,8,16"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p23_t7.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 73
            mean: 0.7808219178082192
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 23
              quote: "The Airport cases,Count,34,57,8,16"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p23_t7.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: 0.070628835359
          v: 0.037530226656
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (option A vs B) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

      - effect_id: s3_e3
        subgroup: "Experiment 3 — Spelling/Typos (knows without checking)"
        subgroup_desc: "Binary: Option A (knows without checking) vs option B (does not know without checking); Spelling/typos case"
        design: "Between-Subjects"
        design_other: null
        moderators: *mods_typos
        moderators_coding: *mods_coding_typos
        contrast:
          group_high: high_stakes
          group_low: low_stakes
          sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
          other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion choosing option A (knows without checking)."
        groups:
          - group_id: low_stakes
            label: "Low stakes"
            n: 64
            mean: 0.515625
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 23
              quote: "The Spelling cases,Count,33,25,31,26"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p23_t7.csv"
          - group_id: high_stakes
            label: "High stakes"
            n: 51
            mean: 0.49019607843137253
            sd: null
            se: null
            provenance:
              page: 23
              quote: "The Spelling cases,Count,33,25,31,26"
              tei_id: null
              table_ref: "camelot_stream_p23_t7.csv"
        effect_size:
          metric: SMD
          d: 0.050859766038
          v: 0.035244288782
          computed_from: other
          needs_review: false
          notes: "Computed from 2×2 table counts (option A vs B) using χ²→d conversion in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd."
        quality_flags: []
        notes: null

    notes: null