| paper_id | pinillos2024bankcasesstakes |
|---|---|
| short_label | Pinillos (2024) |
| citation | Pinillos, Á. (2024). Bank Cases, Stakes, and Normative Facts. |
| doi | — |
| year | 2024 |
| published | Yes |
| language | English |
| language_other | — |
| research_objective | Report an original study using modified bank cases to test whether ordinary knowledge attributions vary across stakes conditions, and argue that the psychological driver is attention to explicitly stated normative facts (appropriateness of assuming the proposition in reasoning). |
| data_available_online | — |
| data_url | — |
| notes | Bibliographic venue/DOI not recovered from pipeline outputs (paper appears to be an OUP book chapter; see TEI footnote). |
| study_id | 1 |
|---|---|
| label | The Study (Modified bank cases) |
| objective | Test whether ordinary attributions of knowledge vary across Modified High Stakes and Modified Low Stakes bank cases. |
| design | Between-Subjects |
| design_other | Each participant was assigned to either the Modified High Stakes or Modified Low Stakes vignette. |
| manipulated_factors | — |
| paradigm | Other |
| paradigm_other | Binary forced-choice knowledge attribution (which statement better describes Bob’s situation: knows vs does not know). |
| notes | — |
| n_final | 89 |
|---|---|
| recruitment | mTurk |
| recruitment_other | — |
| compensation | money |
| compensation_other | $1.50 (US) per participant |
| characteristics | Amazon Mechanical Turk Master workers; adults residing in the US; ~8 minute survey; initial N=100; 11 disqualified for failing ≥1 comprehension check. |
| mean_age | — |
| page | — |
|---|---|
| table_ref | — |
| tei_id | — |
| label | binary |
|---|---|
| points | 2 |
| anchors | (a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday. (b) Bob thinks he knows that the bank will be open on Saturday, but he doesn't actually know the bank will be open on Saturday. |
| direction | — |
| page | — |
|---|---|
| table_ref | TEI fig_1 |
| tei_id | fig_1 |
| knowledge_question_text | In your personal opinion, which better describes Bob's situation? (a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday. (b) Bob thinks he knows that the bank will be open on Saturday, but he doesn't actually know the bank will be open on Saturday. |
|---|---|
| knowledge_question_first | No |
| additional_question_text | — |
bank · Modified DeRose-style bank-hours vignette with explicit normative fact about whether it is appropriate to assume the bank will be open.| scenario_code | bank |
|---|---|
| scenario_type | Modified DeRose-style bank-hours vignette with explicit normative fact about whether it is appropriate to assume the bank will be open. |
| page | — |
|---|---|
| table_ref | — |
| tei_id | — |
s1_e1 · Modified bank cases — knowledge attribution · Between-Subjects · d=1.184643470864 · v=0.053473566444 · needs_review| effect_id | s1_e1 |
|---|---|
| subgroup | Modified bank cases — knowledge attribution |
| subgroup_desc | Binary: proportion endorsing 'Bob knows' (Modified Low vs Modified High Stakes) |
| design | Between-Subjects |
| design_other | — |
| quality_flags | — |
| notes | — |
| metric | SMD |
|---|---|
| d | 1.184643470864 |
| v | 0.053473566444 |
| computed_from | other |
| needs_review | true |
| notes | Computed via χ²→d conversion from reported χ² and group Ns in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd (method=between_chi2). Marked needs_review because evidence_reliability is not codable from text. |
| scenario | bank |
|---|---|
| skeptical_pressure | Yes |
| awareness | Yes |
| evidence | First Person |
| attribution_person | Other |
| evidence_reliability | — |
| group_high | modified_high |
|---|---|
| group_low | modified_low |
| sign_convention | d = mean(low) - mean(high) |
| other_notes | Outcome mean = proportion endorsing the knowledge attribution ('Bob knows'). |
| moderator | value | reason | evidence | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
scenario | bank | Vignette is explicitly about whether the bank will be open on Saturday (bank-hours scenario). | Provenance
Bob replies, "No, I know the bank will be open. I was just there two weeks ago on Saturday." | ||||||
skeptical_pressure | Yes | The vignette explicitly introduces doubt/counterconsiderations about whether the bank will be open. | Provenance
His wife says, "Maybe the bank won't be open tomorrow. Lots of banks are closed on Saturdays." | ||||||
awareness | Yes | Stakes are described as facts about Bob and his wife’s situation (implying the protagonist is aware of the consequences). | Provenance
They have recently written a very large and very important check. If the money is not deposited... leaving them in a very bad situation. | ||||||
evidence | First Person | Agent’s evidence is his own recent experience/memory of visiting the bank (first-person evidence). | Provenance
Bob replies, "No, I know the bank will be open. I was just there two weeks ago on Saturday. It was open until noon." | ||||||
attribution_person | Other | Participants are asked to evaluate a third-person knowledge attribution about Bob. | Provenance
(a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday. | ||||||
evidence_reliability | — | Reliability of the evidence source is not meaningfully specified/manipulated; coded as null. | Provenance
I was just there two weeks ago on Saturday. |
| group_id | label | n | mean | sd | se | provenance | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
modified_low | Modified Low Stakes | 49 | 0.714285714285714 | — | — | Provenance
In Modified Low Stakes, 35 (71%) people agreed Bob knows while 14 (29%) people said he doesn't know. | ||||||
modified_high | Modified High Stakes | 40 | 0.125 | — | — | Provenance
In Modified High Stakes, only 5 (14%) people agreed that Bob knows... while 35 (86%) agree that he doesn't know. |
| test | chi2 |
|---|---|
| t | — |
| f | — |
| chi2 | 30.9059 |
| z | — |
| df1 | 1 |
| df2 | — |
| p | — |
| reported_d | — |
| reported_r | — |
| notes | Reported as p < .01; Cramer's V reported as .58. |
| page | — |
|---|---|
| table_ref | — |
| tei_id | — |
schema_version: "1.1"
paper:
paper_id: pinillos2024bankcasesstakes
citation: "Pinillos, Á. (2024). Bank Cases, Stakes, and Normative Facts."
short_label: "Pinillos (2024)"
doi: null
published: "Yes"
year: 2024
language: "English"
language_other: null
research_objective: "Report an original study using modified bank cases to test whether ordinary knowledge attributions vary across stakes conditions, and argue that the psychological driver is attention to explicitly stated normative facts (appropriateness of assuming the proposition in reasoning)."
data_availability:
data_available_online: null
url: null
notes: null
notes: "Bibliographic venue/DOI not recovered from pipeline outputs (paper appears to be an OUP book chapter; see TEI footnote)."
studies:
- study_id: 1
label: "The Study (Modified bank cases)"
objective: "Test whether ordinary attributions of knowledge vary across Modified High Stakes and Modified Low Stakes bank cases."
sample:
n_final: 89
recruitment: "mTurk"
recruitment_other: null
compensation: "money"
compensation_other: "$1.50 (US) per participant"
characteristics: "Amazon Mechanical Turk Master workers; adults residing in the US; ~8 minute survey; initial N=100; 11 disqualified for failing ≥1 comprehension check."
mean_age: null
mean_age_prov:
page: null
quote: null
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
provenance:
page: null
quote: "A total of 100 subjects were recruited through Amazon Turk to fill out an 8 minute survey... They were compensated $1.50 each... I disqualified 11 participants... χ 2 (1, N = 89) = 30.9059"
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
design: "Between-Subjects"
design_other: "Each participant was assigned to either the Modified High Stakes or Modified Low Stakes vignette."
manipulated_factors: []
paradigm: "Other"
paradigm_other: "Binary forced-choice knowledge attribution (which statement better describes Bob’s situation: knows vs does not know)."
scale:
label: binary
points: 2
anchors: "(a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday. (b) Bob thinks he knows that the bank will be open on Saturday, but he doesn't actually know the bank will be open on Saturday."
direction: null
provenance:
page: null
quote: "(a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday. (b) Bob thinks he knows that the bank will be open on Saturday, but he doesn't actually know the bank will be open on Saturday."
tei_id: "fig_1"
table_ref: "TEI fig_1"
measures:
knowledge_question_text: "In your personal opinion, which better describes Bob's situation? (a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday. (b) Bob thinks he knows that the bank will be open on Saturday, but he doesn't actually know the bank will be open on Saturday."
knowledge_question_first: "No"
additional_question_text: null
scenarios:
- scenario_code: bank
scenario_type: "Modified DeRose-style bank-hours vignette with explicit normative fact about whether it is appropriate to assume the bank will be open."
high_stakes_text: "Modified High Stakes: large/important check; if money not deposited by Monday the check will not be accepted; explicitly adds: 'The stakes are high... it's not appropriate... to assume... the bank will be open on Saturday.'"
low_stakes_text: "Modified Low Stakes: not especially important to deposit right away; explicitly adds: 'The stakes are low... it's appropriate... to assume... the bank will be open on Saturday.'"
provenance:
page: null
quote: "The stakes are low for Bob and his wife... it's appropriate for them to assume... the bank will be open on Saturday. ... The stakes are high... it's not appropriate for them to assume..."
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
effects:
- effect_id: s1_e1
subgroup: "Modified bank cases — knowledge attribution"
subgroup_desc: "Binary: proportion endorsing 'Bob knows' (Modified Low vs Modified High Stakes)"
design: "Between-Subjects"
design_other: null
moderators:
scenario: bank
skeptical_pressure: "Yes"
awareness: "Yes"
evidence: "First Person"
attribution_person: "Other"
evidence_reliability: null
moderators_coding:
scenario:
provenance:
page: null
quote: "Bob replies, \"No, I know the bank will be open. I was just there two weeks ago on Saturday.\""
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
reason: "Vignette is explicitly about whether the bank will be open on Saturday (bank-hours scenario)."
skeptical_pressure:
provenance:
page: null
quote: "His wife says, \"Maybe the bank won't be open tomorrow. Lots of banks are closed on Saturdays.\""
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
reason: "The vignette explicitly introduces doubt/counterconsiderations about whether the bank will be open."
awareness:
provenance:
page: null
quote: "They have recently written a very large and very important check. If the money is not deposited... leaving them in a very bad situation."
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
reason: "Stakes are described as facts about Bob and his wife’s situation (implying the protagonist is aware of the consequences)."
evidence:
provenance:
page: null
quote: "Bob replies, \"No, I know the bank will be open. I was just there two weeks ago on Saturday. It was open until noon.\""
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
reason: "Agent’s evidence is his own recent experience/memory of visiting the bank (first-person evidence)."
attribution_person:
provenance:
page: null
quote: "(a) Bob knows that the bank will be open on Saturday."
tei_id: "fig_1"
table_ref: "TEI fig_1"
reason: "Participants are asked to evaluate a third-person knowledge attribution about Bob."
evidence_reliability:
provenance:
page: null
quote: "I was just there two weeks ago on Saturday."
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
reason: "Reliability of the evidence source is not meaningfully specified/manipulated; coded as null."
contrast:
group_high: modified_high
group_low: modified_low
sign_convention: "d = mean(low) - mean(high)"
other_notes: "Outcome mean = proportion endorsing the knowledge attribution ('Bob knows')."
groups:
- group_id: modified_low
label: "Modified Low Stakes"
n: 49
mean: 0.714285714285714
sd: null
se: null
provenance:
page: null
quote: "In Modified Low Stakes, 35 (71%) people agreed Bob knows while 14 (29%) people said he doesn't know."
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
- group_id: modified_high
label: "Modified High Stakes"
n: 40
mean: 0.125
sd: null
se: null
provenance:
page: null
quote: "In Modified High Stakes, only 5 (14%) people agreed that Bob knows... while 35 (86%) agree that he doesn't know."
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
reported_test:
test: chi2
t: null
f: null
chi2: 30.9059
z: null
df1: 1
df2: null
p: null
reported_d: null
reported_r: null
notes: "Reported as p < .01; Cramer's V reported as .58."
provenance:
page: null
quote: "χ 2 (1, N = 89) = 30.9059, p < .01. Cramer's V is 58"
tei_id: null
table_ref: null
effect_size:
metric: SMD
d: 1.184643470864
v: 0.053473566444
computed_from: other
needs_review: true
notes: "Computed via χ²→d conversion from reported χ² and group Ns in analysis/effect_sizes.qmd (method=between_chi2). Marked needs_review because evidence_reliability is not codable from text."
quality_flags: []
notes: null
notes: null